WAEC 2019 Animal Husbandry Answer – May/June Expo

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==> Animal Husbandry Essay Answer

1a) 

1. Save money on local honey

2. Boost your vegetable garden’s production

3. Save money on beeswax

4. Bee Pollen and Propolis are natural remedies

5. Sheer enjoyment and entertainment

1ai

Benefits:

1. Honey made locally from your own bees. The benefits of honey are many, starting with the fact that it is an excellent natural sweetener full of nutrients including niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium and zinc. Also, it doesn’t spoil, and can be used for a variety of health benefits, such as soothing coughs, boosting memory, treating wounds, potentially preventing low white blood cell count caused by chemotherapy, relieving seasonal allergies, killing antibiotic-resistant bacteria, providing fuel for the body, and resolving scalp problems and dandruff.

2.Wax, a product of bees. You can utilize the wax made in your hive for candles, cosmetics, creams, lipstick, and lip balm.

3.Pollination. Bees can help make your plants healthy as they pollinate, as well as fruit trees in nearby orchards which helps the local economy!

4. Low maintenance. Bees work hard without much effort from you. Once your hive is up and running, it takes about 30 minutes a week for maintenance, and a bit more time for collecting honey up to twice a year.

5.Rewarding experience. Being part of a natural life process in which honeybees pollinate flowers and plants and create beneficial honey is deeply gratifying!

6.Bee conservation. There are many factors that are killing honeybees, and by keeping your own hives you can help conserve bees and protect their habitat.

1aii

1. Buy the Bee

2.choose your hive system

3.gather beekeeping supplies

4.introduce bees to the hive

5.keep your bee healthy and happy

1b)

– Use a hybrid or cross bred female.

-Satisfy the nutritional requirements of the sow both in pregnancy and lactation.

-Bring a healthy sow into the farrowing house.

-Achieve good birth weights.

-Ensure each pig receives maximum colostrum at birth.

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2a)

Separators 

Homogenizer 

Pasteurizers 

Tanks

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3ai)

The life cycle of the head louse has three stages: egg, nymph, and adult.

Eggs: Nits are head lice eggs. They are hard to see and are often confused for dandruff or hair spray droplets. Nits are laid by the adult female and are cemented at the base of the hair shaft nearest the scalp The number 1 . They are 0.8 mm by 0.3 mm, oval and usually yellow to white. Nits take about 1 week to hatch (range 6 to 9 days). Viable eggs are usually located within 6 mm of the scalp.

Nymphs: The egg hatches to release a nymph The number 2 . The nit shell then becomes a more visible dull yellow and remains attached to the hair shaft. The nymph looks like an adult head louse, but is about the size of a pinhead. Nymphs mature after three molts ( The number 3 , The number 4 ) and become adults about 7 days after hatching.

Adults: The adult louse is about the size of a sesame seed, has 6 legs (each with claws), and is tan to grayish-white The number 5 . In persons with dark hair, the adult louse will appear darker. Females are usually larger than males and can lay up to 8 nits per day. Adult lice can live up to 30 days on a person’s head. To live, adult lice need to feed on blood several times daily. Without blood meals, the louse will die within 1 to 2 days off the host.

3aiv)

i) site predilection of cattle lice

ii) bovicola bovis male (x26.6)

iii) haemotopinus tuberculatis female with nit (x19.4)

3b

i)

cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry

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(4a)

Artificial pasture refers to an area of land covered with forage grasses and legumes which are deliberately planted by man.

(4b) 

(i) extend the growing season of a pasture

(ii) increase the organic matter content of the soil over time because of grass root systems

(iii) reduce weed encroachment

(iv) reduce erosion

(v) produce higher yields

(vi) improve the palatability

(4ci)

(i) mixed production

(ii) intensive farming systems “landless”

(iii) extensive production system

(4cii)

-Mixed production:

(I) it includes both agriculture and livestock 

(ii)it can be either intensive or extensive. 

(iii)it used for exploitation of both irrigated or non-irrigated land and they are common in some parts of America, Europe and Asia.

-Intensive farming:

(i) it is mainly used for livestock. 

(ii)it is used to breed pigs, chickens, laying hens, cattle and even fish

(iii)they are common in north America, Europe and Asia and in heavy populated areas in general, where the demand for meat and proteins is very high.

-Extensive farming:

(i)it is used on large non-cultivated land where animals can graze freely

(ii)it is use for cattle, to produce meat and milk, sheep and goats.

(iii)It is more common in Central and South America

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5a

· Coffee brewing machine

· Coffee bean grinding machine

· Tea dispenser

· Bread slicing machine

· Salamander

· Hot cupboard

· Steamer and hotwater boiler

· Refrigertors

· Work table and cutting board

· General storage space, shelves and cupboards

· Sinks, washing machines and dish washers.

5c) 

Choose any five 

the regulation of body temperature

growth

digestion

reproduction

metabolism

lubrication of joints excretion

eyesight

(6a)

ADVANTAGES:

(i) Castration reduces male aggression and thereby makes males easier to

handle.

(ii) There is a risk of unwanted matings if there are uncastrated males on the farm, other than those required for breeding.

(iii) Due apparently to traditional butchers’ prejudices, castrated male meat is marketed higher than that of uncastrated meats.

(iv) Performance and conversion rates can be itnpr<>ved by castration. 

(v) It helps in preventing production of unwanted or undesirable offspring

DISADVANTAGES:

(i) The cheaper methods of castration; which the farmer can do himself,require a degree of skill. With such methods there is a risk of infection.

(ii) The alternative, of calling in a veterinary surgeon, adds to costs.

(c) Castration involves somne time. 

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