WAEC GCE 2018 Civic Education (Obj & Essay) Answer – Nov/Dec Expo

 

Civic-Education-Theory

(8a)

(i)Generality , Equity and Certainty

(ii)Guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms

(iii)Serves as a check against the abuse of power

(8b)

(i)It leads to fairness, both substantive and procedural.

(ii)ensures adherence of principles of natural justice like: giving reasonable opportunity, impartiality of decision, etc.

(iii)Its supremacy ensures no person can claim to be above law.

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(4a)

Cultism can be defined as an enclosed organized association devoted to the same cause. Members of this group always commit themselves to oath and allegiance which series as their strong bond.

(4b)

(i)academic weakness

(ii)parental influence

(iii)moral activities

(iv)immoral activities

(v)anger against society’s

(vi)threats by lecturers

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(7a)

(i)Federal Government tires

(ii)State Government tires

(iii)Local Government tires

(7b)

(i)maintenance of law and order.

(ii)protection of lives and properties.

(iii)promote democracy and social justice.

(iv)provision of social Welfare’s services.

(v)promotion of economic development

(vi)protection of human Right.

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(3a)

Traffic regulation can be defined as the rules and regulations that guide the behaviours or actions of road users. This is in place in order to prevent accidents and enhance the free flow of traffic

(3b)

(i)Do not drink and drive: Road users are expected to avoid taking alcohol shortly before or while driving

(ii)Vigilance: Motorists and pedestrians crossing roads should be vigilant in order to avoid accidents.

(iii)Avoid hands free / earpiece: All road users are required to avoid all forms of hand free/ earpiece as this may not allow them to hear well and concentrate.

(iv)Wearing of seat belt: Motorist are expected to wear the seat -belt whenever they are driving, passengers should also use the seat belt where they are provided

(v)Noise pollution: All road users are expected to guide against noise pollution. Drivers of vehicles should not blow their horns excessively to disturb or distract others

(vi)Obstruction parking: All road users should avoid packing on the road as this may lead to obstruction for other road users, thereby leading to heavy traffic.

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5)a) Creating undercover organisations to infiltrate trafficking groups:

5.1. By setting up more specialised crime prevention units against human trafficking worldwide, the specialised units can gather information about traffickers from sources including trafficked victims referred to the NRM, who can provide first hand information about the perpetrators and how they were trafficked so that they can identify the traffickers and attempt to infiltrate into the organisations responsible for the trafficking. By infiltrating the trafficking groups, it will be easier to arrest the perpetrators as well as a wider circle of traffickers worldwide. These specialised units can be created worldwide and information can be shared between countries through international agencies to help identify worldwide trafficking groups. 

b). Becoming an Informed Consumer: The government could release informative campaigns which encourage people to become more conscientious and informed consumers. They need to be informed on ‘slavery footprint’ and need to become more aware of how products, such as clothes, were made and how the products were distributed (e.g. who picked the tomatoes). The government, media and schools can be used to produce campaigns and information, encouraging people to look at the department of Labour’s List of Goods produced by child labour or forced labour and stop purchasing the goods supplied through human trafficking and modern slavery

c) Reducing Poverty:

There are thousands of children who are in poverty and die due to hunger and unclean water. Poverty affects their future and as a result of this human trafficking can happen. The modern slavery/ human trafficking trade preys on children whose families desperately need an income or who have not yet joined adulthood. 

d) Education:

Curriculum should include the ways that children and adults are trafficked (e.g about grooming), how they become trafficked victims and the signs of others who are victims. This can include case studies and also encouragement for students to get involved with charities etc that are working to reduce and avoid human trafficking. This should be in KS2 and KS3 lessons as it is a difficult topic to deal with but essential to know about from a young age.

e) Stricter Laws -Against Perpetrators and Businesses:

Policy reforms could be put in place to create stricter punishments and sanctions against the perpetrators such as longer prison sentences i.e increasing the sentence from 12-20 years to life imprisonment.

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Completed.

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